Comparison of the whole slide imaging and conventional light microscopy in the grading of oral epithelial dysplasia: a multi-institutional study

BACKGROUND: Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) is an alternative method to light microscopy (LM). However, few studies have compared the diagnostic agreement between WSI and LM, especially to grade oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variability in grading OED by the World Health Organization grading system, using WSI and conventional LM, and to investigate whether the access to clinical information, and psychologic or physical states of the pathologists could interfere with the diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: eleven experienced pathologists from seven Brazilian universities independently evaluated twenty-five OED cases. The analyses were performed in duplicate for each method, with an interval of at least 30 days, and the time consumed in each analysis was measured. Physical and psychologic states were evaluated by blood pressure levels, heart rate and two questionnaires: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale. Clinical information was provided after the second evaluation using WSI and the pathologist could change their diagnostic decision or not. RESULTS: LM showed a higher inter-examiner agreement (k=0.53) than WSI (k=0.45) and a smaller time consumed by the pathologists (mean of 65.53 seconds compared to 91.02 seconds in WSI). In the first analysis using conventional microscopy, there was a positive correlation between kappa values and anxiety (r=0.47, p = 0.02), and stress (r=0.64, p < 0.01), and an inverse correlation with heart rate (r=-0.48, p = 0.02). In the digital analysis, there was also a positive correlation between kappa values and anxiety (r=0.75, p < 0.001). After clinical information was given, there was a slight change in 11.3% of the cases, and a great discrepancy in 1.1% of the cases, mainly increasing the OED grade. CONCLUSIONS: both microscopy systems had similar results, although LM had slightly higher kappa values, and WSI was more time consuming

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Análise do discurso da 'segurança' na área da saúde: uma crítica ao trabalhador como vigilante de si / Analysis of the 'safety' discourse in the field of health: a critique of the worker as watchman of oneself / Análisis del discurso de la 'seguridad' en el área de la salud: una crítica al trabajador como cuidador de sí mismo

Resumo A Norma Regulamentadora NR 32 objetiva reduzir acidentes e doenças entre os trabalhadores da saúde. Filiando-nos à perspectiva da análise do discurso proposta por Michel Pêcheux, nesta pesquisa tivemos como objetivo compreender o processo de significação em torno de segurança e saúde no trabalho na NR 32 e apreender como este processo significa nas políticas públicas no Brasil. Mostramos que, embora a norma seja um meio de assegurar a segurança e a saúde ao trabalhador, sua discursividade formula a segurança como um mito fundamentado em alegações externas ao processo de regulação das condições de trabalho e alheio às exigências coletivas e culturais de produção. Nesse processo, produz-se a responsabilização do trabalhador convertido em vigilante de si próprio e responsabilizado por isso de maneira individualizada. Pudemos, finalmente, observar um efeito de sentido que indica uma conexão que, na prática, resulta em apoio econômico às empresas que produzem e/ou comercializam os dispositivos de segurança para os materiais perfurocortantes.

Abstract Regulation NR 32 has the goal of reducing accidents and disease among health workers. Adopting the perspective of the discourse analysis proposed by Michel Pêcheux, in this research we had the goal of understanding the process of signification regarding safety and health at work within the NR 32, and learn how this process signifies in the public policies in Brazil. We show that, even though the regulation is a means of guaranteeing the safety and health of the worker, its discursiveness formulates safety as a myth based on claims that are not part of the process of regulation of labor conditions and are unconnected to the collective and cultural requirements for production. In this process, the responsibilization of the worker is produced, and the workers become watchmen of themselves, and are held accountable for that in an individualized manner. Finally, we could observe an effect of meaning that points to a connection that, in practice, results in financial support to the companies that make and/or sell the safety devices for sharps.

Resumen El objetivo de la Norma Reguladora NR 32 es reducir accidentes y enfermedades entre los trabajadores de la salud. Tomando como base la perspectiva del análisis del discurso propuesto por Michel Pêcheux, el objetivo en esta investigación fue comprender el proceso de significación en torno a la seguridad y la salud en el trabajo en la NR 32 y entender lo que significa este proceso en las políticas públicas de Brasil. Se muestra que más allá de la norma ser un medio de asegurar la seguridad y la salud al trabajador, su discurso formula a la seguridad como un mito fundamentado en alegaciones externas al proceso de regulación de las condiciones de trabajo y ajeno a las exigencias colectivas y culturales de producción. En este proceso, se responsabiliza al trabajador convirtiéndolo en cuidador de sí mismo y a cargo por dicha responsabilidad de manera individual. Por último, pudimos observar un efecto de sentido que indica una conexión, la cual en la práctica se traduce como apoyo económico a las empresas que producen y/o comercializan los dispositivos de seguridad para los materiales punzantes.

Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed during dental treatment: the importance of neck palpation.

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a malignant lymphoproliferative disease that originates from alterations in germinal center B cells. HL generally affects cervical and supraclavicular nodes, and the most common clinical presentation is adenopathy. It can be symptomatic and detected by the patient or asymptomatic and identified during a physical examination. This article reports the case of a 17-year-old girl who was diagnosed with HL during dental treatment, highlighting the importance of a complete physical examination in dental practice.